用户指南
本节的翻译还未完成。在未完成之前，所有的未完成部分都将使用英语原文。

# 引导程序

Haiku 的系统引导程序可以用于帮助您解决遇到的硬件相关问题，或者用于选择通过 Haiku 的哪种安装方式来启动（可以是 CD 光驱启动或 USB 盘启动）。
此外，如果安装了某个软件组件导致系统无法启动，您也可以通过引导程序方便地将其移除。下面提到的Disable user add-ons （禁用用户安装组件） 选项，它可以启动 Haiku，但是不加载用户安装组件，例如：某个驱动程序。

为了进入引导程序选项，您需要在 Haiku 的启动进程开始前，持续按住 SHIFT 键。如果已经安装了启动管理软件，您可以在进入 Haiku 启动调用之前开始按下 SHIFT 键。如果Haiku是唯一的操作系统，您可以在 BIOS 中显示启动消息时就开始按下该按键。

## 引导管理器选项

进入选项之后，出现了下面四个菜单：

Select boot volume |  | 选择Haiku的安装介质。
Select safe mode options |  | 在系统引导中遇到硬件问题时，可以尝试下面的几个选项。当选择条移动到某个选项时，在屏幕底部会显示相应的简短说明。

Safe mode
Puts the system into safe mode. This can be enabled independently from the other options.

Disable user add-ons
Prevents all user installed add-ons from being loaded. Only the add-ons in the system directory will be used. See Troubleshooting below.

Disable IDE DMA
Disables IDE DMA, increasing IDE compatibility at the expense of performance.

Ignore memory beyond 4 GiB
Ignores all memory beyond the 4 GiB address limit, overriding the setting in the kernel settings file.

Use fail-safe video mode
The system will use VESA mode and won't try to use any video graphics drivers.

Disable IO-APIC
Disables using the IO APIC for interrupt routing, forcing the use of the legacy PIC instead.

Disable local APIC
Disables using the local APIC, also disables SMP.

Disable SMP
Disables all but one CPU core.

Don't call the BIOS
Stops the system from calling BIOS functions.

Disable APM
Disables Advanced Power Management hardware support, overriding the APM setting in the kernel settings file.

Disable ACPI
Disables Advanced Configuration and Power Interface hardware support, overriding the ACPI setting in the kernel settings file.

Blacklist entries
Allows to select system files that shall be ignored. Useful e.g. to disable drivers temporarily. See Troubleshooting below.

Select debug options |  | 在这里，你会发现几个选项，它们用于调试或者获取错误报告的详细情况。同时，对于每个选项，在屏幕底部也都会出现相关的说明。

Enable serial debug output
Turns on forwarding the syslog output to the serial interface (default: 115200, 8N1).

Enable on screen debug output
Display debug output on screen while the system is booting, instead of the normal boot logo.

Disable on screen paging
Disables paging when on screen debug output is enabled.

Enable debug syslog
Enables a special in-memory syslog buffer for this session that the boot loader will be able to access after rebooting.

Display current boot loader log
Displays the debug info the boot loader has logged (press Q to exit the log)

Add advanced debug option
Allows advanced debugging options to be entered directly.

|  | 如果激活了 "Enable debug syslog" ，那么在崩溃后，热启动后将提示如下附加选项：
|  | Save syslog from previous session during boot Saves the syslog from the previous Haiku session to /var/log/previous_syslog when booting. Display syslog from previous session Displays the syslog from the previous Haiku session Save syslog from previous session Saves the syslog from the previous Haiku session to disk. Currently only FAT32 volumes are supported.
Select fail safe video mode |  | 如果你启动了 Use fail-safe video mode 选项， 您可以设置屏幕的分辨率和颜色深度。

## 错误检查

If Haiku refuses to boot on your hardware from the get-go, try out setting different options under Select safe mode options. Consider filing a bug report in any case.

On the other hand, if Haiku only suddenly acts up after you have installed some software, especially hardware drivers, you have several options to get Haiku bootable again to make things right by uninstalling the offending package again:

- Activating Safe mode will prevent most servers, daemons and the UserBootScript from being started.

- Activating Disable user add-ons will prevent using any add-ons (drivers, translators, etc.) you have installed in the user hierarchy under your Home folder.

- If the offending driver, add-on etc. is installed in the system hierarchy, things get a bit more complicated, because that area is read-only. Here, the Blacklist entries comes into play. With it, you can navigate through the whole system hierarchy and disable the component that's messing things up for you by checking an entry with the SPACE or RETURN key. ESC returns you up one level to the parent directory.

  Online, there's the article How to Permanently Blacklist a Package File showing how to make that setting stick.

## Booting Haiku

在激活几个选项之后，返回主菜单，继续系统引导。开机界面如下：

如果一切运行正常，那么所有的图标都将依此点亮。
这些不同的符号大致对应了下面的启动步骤：

Atom |  | 系统组件初始化。
Disk + magnifier |  | 创建文件系统 (/) 和挂载硬件驱动 (/dev).
Plug-in card |  | 硬件管理初始化。
Boot disk |  | 挂载启动磁盘。
Chip |  | CPU特定模块加载
Folder |  | 子系统初始化。
Rocket |  | 加载系统启动脚本。