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# Cargador de arranque

El cargador de arranque de Haiku puede ayudarle cuando experimente problemas de hardware o quiera elegir qué instalación de Haiku quiere iniciar, si dispone de más de una (seguramente en un CD de instalación o unidad USB).
También viene muy bien para cuando ha instalado algún componente de software que actúa previniendo el arranque del sistema. para desinstalarlo. La opción Disable user add-ons (Deshabilitar los add-ons de usuario) que se menciona mas abajo, iniciará Haiku sin cargar nunguno de los componentes instalados por el usuario, por ejemplo, un controlador.

Para visualizar las opciones del cargador de arranque, hay que mantener presionada la techa SHIFT (de mayúsculas) antes del comienzo del proceso de arranque de Haiku. En de haber un administrador de arranque instalado, empiece a presionar la tecla antes de seleccionar Haiku desde el mismo. Si Haiku es el único sistema operativo instalado, empiece a presionar la tecla mientras se viualizan los mensajes de arranque del BIOS.

## Boot Loader Options

Una vez allí, se le ofrecerán tres menús:

Seleccionar volumen de arranque |  | Elija qué instalación de Haiku desea iniciar.
Select safe mode options |  | There are several options to try in case of hardware related trouble or if the system becomes unstable or unbootable because of a misbehaving add-on. When moving the selection bar to an option, a short explanation appears at the bottom of the screen.

Safe mode
Puts the system into safe mode. This can be enabled independently from the other options.

Disable user add-ons
Prevents all user installed add-ons from being loaded. Only the add-ons in the system directory will be used. See Troubleshooting below.

Disable IDE DMA
Disables IDE DMA, increasing IDE compatibility at the expense of performance.

Ignore memory beyond 4 GiB
Ignores all memory beyond the 4 GiB address limit, overriding the setting in the kernel settings file.

Use fail-safe video mode
The system will use VESA mode and won't try to use any video graphics drivers.

Disable IO-APIC
Disables using the IO APIC for interrupt routing, forcing the use of the legacy PIC instead.

Disable local APIC
Disables using the local APIC, also disables SMP.

Disable SMP
Disables all but one CPU core.

Don't call the BIOS
Stops the system from calling BIOS functions.

Disable APM
Disables Advanced Power Management hardware support, overriding the APM setting in the kernel settings file.

Disable ACPI
Disables Advanced Configuration and Power Interface hardware support, overriding the ACPI setting in the kernel settings file.

Blacklist entries
Allows to select system files that shall be ignored. Useful e.g. to disable drivers temporarily. See Troubleshooting below.

Select debug options |  | Here you'll find several options that help with debugging or getting details for a bug report. Again, a short explanation for each option is displayed at the bottom.

Enable serial debug output
Turns on forwarding the syslog output to the serial interface (default: 115200, 8N1).

Enable on screen debug output
Display debug output on screen while the system is booting, instead of the normal boot logo.

Disable on screen paging
Disables paging when on screen debug output is enabled.

Enable debug syslog
Enables a special in-memory syslog buffer for this session that the boot loader will be able to access after rebooting.

Display current boot loader log
Displays the debug info the boot loader has logged (press Q to exit the log)

Add advanced debug option
Allows advanced debugging options to be entered directly.

|  | If "Enable debug syslog" is activated, a warm reboot after a crash shows these additional options:
|  | Save syslog from previous session during boot Saves the syslog from the previous Haiku session to /var/log/previous_syslog when booting. Display syslog from previous session Displays the syslog from the previous Haiku session Save syslog from previous session Saves the syslog from the previous Haiku session to disk. Currently only FAT32 volumes are supported.
Seleccionar modo de vídeo a prueba de fallos |  | Si activó la opción Utilizar modo de vídeo a prueba de fallos, puede configurarse la resolución y la profundidad de color.

## Troubleshooting

If Haiku refuses to boot on your hardware from the get-go, try out setting different options under Select safe mode options. Consider filing a bug report in any case.

On the other hand, if Haiku only suddenly acts up after you have installed some software, especially hardware drivers, you have several options to get Haiku bootable again to make things right by uninstalling the offending package again:

- Activating Safe mode will prevent most servers, daemons and the UserBootScript from being started.

- Activating Disable user add-ons will prevent using any add-ons (drivers, translators, etc.) you have installed in the user hierarchy under your Home folder.

- If the offending driver, add-on etc. is installed in the system hierarchy, things get a bit more complicated, because that area is read-only. Here, the Blacklist entries comes into play. With it, you can navigate through the whole system hierarchy and disable the component that's messing things up for you by checking an entry with the SPACE or RETURN key. ESC returns you up one level to the parent directory.

  Online, there's the article How to Permanently Blacklist a Package File showing how to make that setting stick.

## Booting Haiku

Tras activar una o más opciones, puede regresar de nuevo al menú principal y continuará iniciando, lo cual se presentará con esta pantalla de arranque:

Si todo funciona bien, se deben iluminar un símbolo tras otro rápidamente.
Los deferentes símbolos se corresponden con estas etapas de inicio:

Átomo |  | Iniciando módulos.
Disco y lupa |  | Creando rootfs (/) y montando devfs (/dev).
Tarjeta plug-in |  | Iniciando gestor de dispositivos.
Disco de arranque |  | Montando disco de arranque.
Chip |  | Cargando módulos específicos de CPU.
Carpeta |  | Inicialización final de subsistemas.
Cohete |  | Script de arranque iniciando el sistema.