{
 "title": "APPLE II",
 "categories": [
  "Computers"
 ],
 "types": [
  "Home Computer"
 ],
 "origins": [
  "U.S.A."
 ],
 "years": [
  "1977"
 ],
 "cpus": [
  "MOS 6502"
 ],
 "params": {
  "name": "APPLE II",
  "image": "/media/museum/photos/apple_ii.jpg",
  "company": "/companies/apple",
  "company_name": "Apple",
  "specs": [
   [
    "NAME",
    "APPLE II"
   ],
   [
    "MANUFACTURER",
    "Apple"
   ],
   [
    "TYPE",
    "Home Computer"
   ],
   [
    "ORIGIN",
    "U.S.A."
   ],
   [
    "YEAR",
    "April 1977"
   ],
   [
    "END OF PRODUCTION",
    "1980"
   ],
   [
    "BUILT IN LANGUAGE",
    "Integer Basic"
   ],
   [
    "KEYBOARD",
    "Full-stroke keyboard - only supports uppercase letters"
   ],
   [
    "CPU",
    "MOS 6502"
   ],
   [
    "SPEED",
    "1 MHz"
   ],
   [
    "RAM",
    "4 KB (64 KB max.)"
   ],
   [
    "ROM",
    "12 KB (Monitor + Integer Basic + 'sweet 16' mini-assembler )"
   ],
   [
    "TEXT MODES",
    "40 x 24 / 80 x 24 (with 80 columns card)"
   ],
   [
    "GRAPHIC MODES",
    "40 x 40-48 (16 colors), 280 x 192 (4 and later 6 colors)"
   ],
   [
    "COLORS",
    "16"
   ],
   [
    "SOUND",
    "one channel"
   ],
   [
    "SIZE / WEIGHT",
    "Unknown"
   ],
   [
    "I/O PORTS",
    "Video out (composite), 8 expansion slots, Tape recorder, Paddles"
   ],
   [
    "POWER SUPPLY",
    "Built-in PSU"
   ],
   [
    "PRICE",
    "$1298 (1978, USA)"
   ]
  ],
  "tabs": [
   "photos",
   "adverts",
   "hardware",
   "connectors",
   "software",
   "emulators",
   "links",
   "docs",
   "videos",
   "comments"
  ],
  "photos": [
   {
    "title": "INSIDE AN APPLE II",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/photos/apple_apple2_inside_1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLE II REAR",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/photos/apple_apple2_rear_1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "ITT SOLD APPLE II COMPUTERS UNDER ITS BRAND",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/photos/itt_appl.jpg"
   }
  ],
  "adverts": [
   {
    "title": "ADVERT",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "<p>Picture courtesy of <a href=\"http://www.sbrowning.com/vintage\">Steve Browning, www.sbrowning.com/vintage</a>.</p>",
    "image": "/media/museum/adverts/apple_advert_1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "U.S. ADVERT #1 (1977)",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "The first Apple II advert.<br/><br/> Advert said:<br/><br/> Clear the kitchen table. Bring in the color TV. Plug in your new Apple ll and connect any standard cassette recorder / player. Now, you're ready for an evening of discovery in the new world of personal computers.<br/> Only Apple ll makes it that easy. At $1298, it includes video graphics in 15 colors, 8KB ROM and 4KB RAM... It's the first personal computer with a fast version of BASIC permanently stored in ROM...<br/><br/> Apple ll is also available in board-only form to the do-it-yourself hobbyist. Has all of the features of the Apple ll system but does not include case, keyboard, power supply or game paddles. $598",
    "image": "/media/museum/adverts/apple_ii_advertd_3.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "U.S. ADVERT #2 (1979)",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "Advert said:<br/><br/> What in the name of Adam do people do with Apple computers?<br/> You tell us.<br/> In a thousand of words or less.<br/> If your story is original and intriguing enough, you can win a one-week trip to Hawaii. Which is the closest we could come to paradise.<br/><br/> Unfortunately, the contest ended March 31, 1980...",
    "image": "/media/museum/adverts/apple_ii_advert_3.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "U.S. ADVERT #3 (1979)",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "From Playboy December 1979. <p>Thanks to <b>Peathead</b></p>",
    "image": "/media/museum/adverts/apple_ii_advert_s1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "U.S. ADVERT #4(1980)",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "The users featured in the ad said:<br/><br/> (left) <i>Programming is a snap! I'm halfway through Apple's BASIC manual and already I've programmed my own Star Wars game.</i><br/><br/> ...with half of the universe<br/><br/> (middle) <i>Those math programs I wrote last week - I just rewrote them using Apple's mini assembler and got them to run a hundred time faster.</i><br/><br/> Of course, it's very easy for a newbie programmer to program maths assembly routines with a microprocessor which only knows how to add and subtract integer values.<br/><br/> (right)<i>Apple's smart peripherals make expansion easy. Just plug'em it and you are ready to run. I've already added two disks, a printer and a communication card.</i>",
    "image": "/media/museum/adverts/apple_ii_advertd_1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "U.S. ADVERT #5 (1980)",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "Advert said:<br/><br/> If you could talk to Thomas Edison, he'd tell you what it was like to turn the light on in 1879. You could tell him about some bright idea of the 20th century... particularly, a technological phenomenon that can handle everything from solar heat control to lighting you home via voice command. The Apple personal computer...<br/> ... With Apple, Edison could've written a program to determine why some filaments burned longer than others...",
    "image": "/media/museum/adverts/apple_ii_advertd_2.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLE LOGO (1982)",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "Apple Logo was a very successful implementation of Logo. It contained some advanced features such as property list and packages, as well as extremely good documentation.<br/><br/> At the time, Apple thought the Logo language would encourage schools to invest heavily in personal computers for all the class levels.<br/> Sadly, Logo never became the revolutionary language that they had hoped for and very few schools taught it to their pupils (except in France).",
    "image": "/media/museum/adverts/apple_ii_logolanguage_1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLE BUSINESS GRAPHICS",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "The Apple graphics package was launched in September 1982. It was available for both the Apple II and Apple III.<br/><br/> Advert said:<br/><br/> As you know, one picture is worth a few thousand numbers.<br/> As you may not know, Apple Business Graphics software can generate more types of pictures, in more colours, using more data than any other graphics package... On the monitor of your choice. And on virtually any printer or plotter on the market...",
    "image": "/media/museum/adverts/apple_ii_businessgraph_1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLE ACCESSORIES",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "Advert said:<br/><br/> There are more people in more places making more accessories and peripherals for Apples than for any other personal computer in the world.<br/> Thanks to those people - in hundreds of independant companies - who can make the humblest 1978 Apple II turn tricks that are still on IBM's Wish List for 1984.<br/> But now we're coming out with our very own line of peripherals and accessories for Apple personal computers... <br/><br/> The dual language of Apple: In the same advert, Apple thanks the companies manufacturing Apple compatible peripherals and asks its customers to buy only Apple peripherals in the future....",
    "image": "/media/museum/adverts/apple_ii_advertd_4.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "SOFTCARD COPY",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "An advert for one of the numerous copies of the Microsoft SotfCard. Initially, they were manufactured in the United States then in Asia.",
    "image": "/media/museum/adverts/apple_ii_softcardcopy_1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "NEW ZEALAND AD. (1980)",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "Nice advert, but nothing seems right in the picture...<p>Thanks to <b>Murray Muffat</b> from New Zeland</p>",
    "image": "/media/museum/adverts/apple_ii_advertd_s5.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "FRENCH ADVERT (JAN. 1980)",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "\"The personal computer of Mr sales manager\"",
    "image": "/media/museum/adverts/apple_advert_directeur-des-ventes_1.jpg"
   }
  ],
  "hardware": [
   {
    "title": "WORKSTATION CARD",
    "subtitle": "Appletalk card",
    "text": "This card is used to connect an Apple IIe to a localtalk network.",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_ii_card_appletalk.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "Z80 SOFTCARD ADVERT",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "The Z80 Softcard made the Apple II fully compatible with the CP/M operating system and allowed it to run the largest library of professional software of the time, including the Microsoft programming languages, among them the BASIC 5.0 interpreter.",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_ii_softcard_1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "Z80 SOFTCARD",
    "subtitle": "Full package",
    "text": "The card was designed by Burtronix of Orange, California. <p>Thanks to <b>Steve Perry</b></p>",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_ii_softcard_s1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "MICROSOFT RAMCARD ADVERT (1982)",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "Together with the Softcard, the Ramcard turned the Apple II into a 56 KB CP/M system.",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_ii_ramcard_1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "DISK II FIRST MANUAL",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "This is the very first version of the Disk II manual, front cover and first page, dated September 1978",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_ii_disk2manual_1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "JOYSTICKS",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "Two Apple joysticks for IIe and IIc versions, and a clone version with a fire button made by CH Products, San Marco, California.",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_ii_joystick_1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "ANALOG HANDCONTROLLERS",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_2e_handcontr_2.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "HAND CONTROLLERS",
    "subtitle": "Box",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_hand-controllers_box.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "JOY STICK",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple2_joy_stick.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "GRAPHIC TABLET",
    "subtitle": "& its card",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_apple2_graphic-tablet.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "KEYPAD",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_apple2_keypad.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "DYNATYPER",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "Here is the sale brochure of the Dynatyper, a strange and obscure printing device launched in 1980:<br/><br/> Dynatyper is a new typewriter interface system designed to generate hard copy directly from computer output through any electric typewriter. It exploits the high quality and use of full upper and lower case characters of your electric typewriter. Users of small computer systems can now expand those systems into applications demanding high quality text, such as word processing.<br/><br/> Consisting of an array of coils positioned in the same pattern as the typewriter's keyboard. These coils are wired into an electrical decoding matrix. Designed to operate on voltage available from standard computers, the Dynatyper is easily installed without modification to your typewriter. Adjustments for different key heights are easy.<br/><br/> Rochester Data provides interfaces and software for the <b>TRS-80 Level 1 &amp; 2</b>, the <b>Apple II</b> and also a 6 bit <b>parallel interface</b> for general operation with other computers. The same interface board can be modified by jumper selection to eperate in any of the above modes... <p>Thanks to <b>Bob Leedom</b> for information and pictures</p>",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_ii+_dinatyper_1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "ECHO SPEECH PROCESSOR II",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_appleii_echoii_board.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "ROLAND CMU-500 INTERFACE",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "This item, a Roland Compumusic CMU-500 Apple II Interface, was used to connect musical instruments to the Apple II series of computers !",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_apple2_roland-cmu500_interface.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "ECHO II",
    "subtitle": "speech/music/sound synthesizer",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_apple2_echo2-speech-synth_1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "ACOUSTIC COUPLER",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_apple2_acoustic-coupler_1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "EARLY APPLE PRINTER",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/hardware/apple_apple2_printer1.jpg"
   }
  ],
  "connectors": [
   {
    "title": "APPLE II SLOT DESIGN",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "To note:<br/> <b>NMI</b> = Non Maskeable Interrupt<br/> <b>INT IN</b> and <b>INT OUT</b> are for daisy chaining of interrupt controllers<br/> <b>DMA IN</b> and <b>DMA OUT</b> and <b>DMA</b> all concern Direct Memory Access<br/> <b>7M</b> is a 7MHz clock signal<br/> <b>Q3</b> is a 2MHz clock<br/> The 7MHz clock provides a 3.5MHz colour reference signal for video.",
    "image": "/media/museum/connectors/apple_ii_slotdesign_1.jpg"
   }
  ],
  "screenshots": [
   {
    "title": "APPLE PANIC",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/software/apple_appleii_applepanic_ss.gif"
   },
   {
    "title": "AZTEC",
    "subtitle": "Title screen",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/software/apple_appleii_aztec_ss.gif"
   },
   {
    "title": "DRAGON FIRE",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/software/apple_appleii_dragonfire_ss.gif"
   },
   {
    "title": "DRAGON FIRE",
    "subtitle": "2nd screen",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/software/apple_appleii_dragonfire_ss2.gif"
   },
   {
    "title": "DROL",
    "subtitle": "Excellent game !",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/software/apple_appleii_drol_ss.gif"
   },
   {
    "title": "KARATEKA",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/software/apple_appleii_karateka_ss.gif"
   },
   {
    "title": "LODE RUNNER",
    "subtitle": "A great classic",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/software/apple_appleii_loderunner_ss.gif"
   },
   {
    "title": "MARBLE MADNESS",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/software/apple_appleii_marblemadness_ss.gif"
   },
   {
    "title": "MINER 2049ER",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/software/apple_appleii_miner2049er_ss.gif"
   },
   {
    "title": "MONTEZUMA REVENGE",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/software/apple_appleii_montezuma-revenge_ss.gif"
   },
   {
    "title": "STAR LEAGUE BASEBALL",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "",
    "image": "/media/museum/software/apple_appleii_star-league-baseball_ss.gif"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLESOFT COMPILER",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "Also called TASC or AppleSoft Version 3, the AppleSoft Basic Compiler could make use of extended memory on 128K versions",
    "image": "/media/museum/software/apple_ii+_applesoftcompiler_1.jpg"
   },
   {
    "title": "FLIGHT SIMULATOR",
    "subtitle": "",
    "text": "In January 1983, this Flight Simulator version was in competition with the first Microsoft version which had just been launched.",
    "image": "/media/museum/software/apple_ii_flightsim_1.jpg"
   }
  ],
  "emulators": [
   {
    "title": "Apple Oasis",
    "url": "http://www.geocities.com/APL24WIN/index.html",
    "platform": "Windows",
    "text": "Emulates Apple IIe system including hard disk, clock, CP/M card, etc."
   },
   {
    "title": "AppleWin",
    "url": "http://applewin.berlios.de/",
    "platform": "Windows",
    "text": "A great apple 2+ and apple 2e emulator for windows"
   },
   {
    "title": "Bernie ][ the rescue",
    "url": "http://www.bernie.gs/Bernie/",
    "platform": "Apple",
    "text": "(Available for BeOS too)"
   },
   {
    "title": "Catakig",
    "url": "http://www.radix.net/~cklipsch/ctkgdoc/",
    "platform": "Apple",
    "text": ""
   },
   {
    "title": "YAE, Yet another Apple ][ Emulator",
    "url": "http://quark.netfront.net:6502/",
    "platform": "Unix / Linux",
    "text": ""
   },
   {
    "title": "The Official ShapeShifter Home Page",
    "url": "http://www.uni-mainz.de/~bauec002/SSMain.html",
    "platform": "Amiga OS",
    "text": ""
   },
   {
    "title": "PalmApple",
    "url": "http://palmapple.sourceforge.net/",
    "platform": "Other platform",
    "text": "PalmApple is an open source Apple //e emulator for PalmOS PDAs"
   },
   {
    "title": "Virtual Apple",
    "url": "http://www.virtualapple.com/",
    "platform": "Other platform",
    "text": "This web site uses an ActiveX application and Apple IIgs emulator to automatically download and play most Apple 2 disk images online!"
   },
   {
    "title": "Dapple",
    "url": "http://sourceforge.net/projects/dapple/",
    "platform": "Multiplatform",
    "text": "Apple II (II+, IIe) emulator for DOS and Unix with C source code"
   }
  ],
  "links": [
   {
    "title": "A2-Web!",
    "url": "http://www.wbwip.com/a2web/",
    "text": ""
   },
   {
    "title": "Apple ][ Emulator Resources Guide",
    "url": "http://www.cs.ruu.nl/wais/html/na-dir/apple2/emulators-faq/part1.html",
    "text": ""
   },
   {
    "title": "Apple II - Apple II gs",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/home.htm",
    "text": "A lot of documentations here !"
   },
   {
    "title": "Apple II History",
    "url": "http://apple2history.org/",
    "text": "A detailed history of the Apple II computer, from start to finish, interspersed with history of Apple Computer, Inc., from the point of view of the Apple II user. Includes pictures."
   },
   {
    "title": "Apple II Q&A",
    "url": "HTTP://WWW.MYSPACE.COM/135780133",
    "text": "Please Ask the Expeirenced Apple II User!"
   },
   {
    "title": "Apple2.org",
    "url": "http://www.apple2.org/",
    "text": "Over 1000 pictures of Apple II and other related hardware, articles, the Apple ][ FAQ, Transwarp and Zip GS accelerator upgrade mods, 3.5\" drive rebuilding, and lots more."
   },
   {
    "title": "Applefritter",
    "url": "http://www.applefritter.com/",
    "text": "Excellent site about all Apple models,clones,prototypes,etc... A must see !"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLE-HISTORY.COM",
    "url": "http://www.apple-history.com/",
    "text": "Wonderful site with plenty of information !"
   },
   {
    "title": "Caltech Apple II archive",
    "url": "http://apple2.tffenterprises.com/apple2/",
    "text": ""
   },
   {
    "title": "Forever 1970..80..90",
    "url": "http://perso.wanadoo.fr/fabrice.montupet/",
    "text": "Very complete information for each model"
   },
   {
    "title": "Iowa universiry Apple II archive",
    "url": "http://ground.icaen.uiowa.edu/apple2/",
    "text": ""
   },
   {
    "title": "www.apple2clones.com",
    "url": "http://www.apple2clones.com/",
    "text": "The URL says it all. Very interesting site"
   },
   {
    "title": "Web Wiz CAPTCHA",
    "url": "http://www.webwizcaptcha.com",
    "text": "All about Apple II user groups"
   }
  ],
  "docs": [
   {
    "title": "APPLE II REFERENCE MANUAL (JANUARY 1978)",
    "url": null,
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple88_reference-manual-jan-1978_cover.jpg",
    "text": "<b>APPLE II REFERENCE MANUAL (JANUARY 1978)</b><br/>written by Apple<br/><br/> type of document : PDF<br/> size : 6 MB<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docii.htm\">www.apple-iigs.info</a><br/><br/><b>... READ THE ONLINE VERSION BY CLICKING BELOW :</b>"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLE II - REFERENCE MANUAL",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docii.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple-2_reference-manual.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docii.htm\"><b>APPLE II - REFERENCE MANUAL</b><br/></a>written by Apple<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "GUIDE DE L'APPLE - TOME 1 - L'APPLE STANDARD",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docii.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple_guide-de-l-apple.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docii.htm\"><b>GUIDE DE L'APPLE - TOME 1 - L'APPLE STANDARD</b><br/></a>written by Benoit de Merly / Edimicro<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "MANUEL DE L'UTILISATEUR APPLE II",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docii.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple_manuel-utilisateur-de-l-apple-2.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docii.htm\"><b>MANUEL DE L'UTILISATEUR APPLE II</b><br/></a>written by Lon Poole - Martin McNiff - Steven Cook<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "MONITOR II USER'S MANUAL",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docprog.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_monitor-ii-user-manual.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docprog.htm\"><b>MONITOR II USER'S MANUAL</b><br/></a>written by Apple<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "A TOUCH OF APPLESOFT BASIC",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docprog.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_a-touch-of-applesoft-basic.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docprog.htm\"><b>A TOUCH OF APPLESOFT BASIC</b><br/></a>written by Apple<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "LE MANUEL DOS 3.3 (FRENCH)",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docos.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_manuel-dos-3-3.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docos.htm\"><b>LE MANUEL DOS 3.3 (FRENCH)</b><br/></a>written by Apple<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "BENEATH APPLE DOS",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docos.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_beneath-apple-dos.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docos.htm\"><b>BENEATH APPLE DOS</b><br/></a>written by Don Worth &amp; Pieter Lechner<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "BENEATH APPLE PRO DOS",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docos.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_beneath-apple-prodos.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docos.htm\"><b>BENEATH APPLE PRO DOS</b><br/></a>written by Don Worth &amp; Pieter Lechner<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "PRODOS USER'S MANUAL",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docos.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_prodos-user-manual.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docos.htm\"><b>PRODOS USER'S MANUAL</b><br/></a>written by Apple<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "PRODOS SUPPLEMENT TO THE APPLE IIE OWNER'S MANUAL",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docos.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_prodos-supplement.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docos.htm\"><b>PRODOS SUPPLEMENT TO THE APPLE IIE OWNER'S MANUAL</b><br/></a>written by Apple<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLE 5.25 DRIVE - OWNER'S GUIDE",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_5-25-disk-drive_owners-manual.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm\"><b>APPLE 5.25 DRIVE - OWNER'S GUIDE</b><br/></a>written by Apple<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLE 3.5 DRIVE - OWNER'S GUIDE",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_3-5-disk-drive_owners-manual.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm\"><b>APPLE 3.5 DRIVE - OWNER'S GUIDE</b><br/></a>written by Apple<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLE 3.5 DRIVE CONTROLLER CARD - OWNER'S GUIDE",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_controller-card.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm\"><b>APPLE 3.5 DRIVE CONTROLLER CARD - OWNER'S GUIDE</b><br/></a>written by Apple<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLE II SUPER SERIAL CARD - INSTALLATION AND OPERATING MANUAL",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_super-serial-card.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm\"><b>APPLE II SUPER SERIAL CARD - INSTALLATION AND OPERATING MANUAL</b><br/></a>written by Apple<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLE II PARALLEL PRINTER INTERFACE CARD - INSTALLATION AND OPERATING MANUAL",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_parallel-printer-interface.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm\"><b>APPLE II PARALLEL PRINTER INTERFACE CARD - INSTALLATION AND OPERATING MANUAL</b><br/></a>written by Apple<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLE II 80-COLUMN TEXT CARD MANUAL",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_80c-text-card.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm\"><b>APPLE II 80-COLUMN TEXT CARD MANUAL</b><br/></a>written by Apple<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLE II 80-COLUMN TEXT CARD MANUAL SUPPLEMENT",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_80c-text-card_supplement.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm\"><b>APPLE II 80-COLUMN TEXT CARD MANUAL SUPPLEMENT</b><br/></a>written by Apple<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "Z80 PLUS CARD - USER MANUAL",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_z80-plus.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm\"><b>Z80 PLUS CARD - USER MANUAL</b><br/></a>written by Applied Engineering<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLE JOYSTICK IIE AND IIC - USER'S INSTRUCTIONS",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_joystick_users_manual.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm\"><b>APPLE JOYSTICK IIE AND IIC - USER'S INSTRUCTIONS</b><br/></a>written by Apple<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   },
   {
    "title": "APPLE II - APPLECOLOR RGB MONITOR OWNER'S GUIDE",
    "url": "http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm",
    "cover": "/media/museum/docs/couvs/apple2_rgb-monitor.jpg",
    "text": "<a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/docacc.htm\"><b>APPLE II - APPLECOLOR RGB MONITOR OWNER'S GUIDE</b><br/></a>written by Apple<br/><br/> compiled/archived by Arnaud Brossard<br/> type of document : PDF<br/> source : <a href=\"http://www.apple-iigs.info/\">Apple II / Apple IIgs website</a>"
   }
  ],
  "videos": [
   {
    "title": "Apple II videoclip",
    "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_SoWRCy21pY",
    "text": "Length: 3 min 03 s"
   }
  ],
  "comments": [
   {
    "author": "Jay (Washington State USA)",
    "date": "Tuesday 22nd September 2020",
    "text": "I am looking for one of these at a cheap price, I will pay up to 100$ including shipping if I have to pay for it<br/>Email is jaya.buckwheat@gmail.com"
   },
   {
    "author": "James Doocey (Ireland)",
    "date": "Monday 20th April 2020",
    "text": "I did see an original 1977 Apple II computer at a museum running integer basic and I must admit integer basic whilst limited is a good programming language for the time"
   },
   {
    "author": "James Doocey (Ireland)",
    "date": "Monday 20th April 2020",
    "text": "I did see an original 1977 Apple II computer at a museum running integer basic and I must admit integer basic whilst limited is a good programming language for the time"
   },
   {
    "author": "James Doocey (Ireland)",
    "date": "Monday 20th April 2020",
    "text": "I did see an original 1977 Apple II computer at a museum running integer basic and I must admit integer basic whilst limited is a good programming language for the time"
   },
   {
    "author": "Régis Schmidt (France)",
    "date": "Saturday 20th August 2016",
    "text": "At the end of the 80''s, I designed a device called \"TAO\" with a 6502 assembler"
   },
   {
    "author": "infinite100",
    "date": "Friday 15th August 2014",
    "text": "Wozniak used the last bit in the video processor register to enable colour. Normally you would have needed at least 16kb to get four colours, the Apple would do it with just 4kb.<br/><br/>Unfortuneately, this meant that everything was based on multiples of 7 rather than 8, making it an absolute pig to program and very difficult to connect to the internet."
   },
   {
    "author": "Nate (Ohio, US)",
    "date": "Monday 6th February 2012",
    "text": "My Chemistry teacher STILL uses it to simulate the effects of acids and bases."
   },
   {
    "author": "Ted (Canada)",
    "date": "Friday 19th August 2011",
    "text": "My neighbor authored a sound program for this machine that played \"Oh Canada\" with amazing clarity! I played it in class in high school ( 1980), and my teacher and class were in awe. Somewhere along the way, my Apple II+ failed, ruined the program and prevented me from getting a printout. My neighbor sold his machine over 20 years ago."
   },
   {
    "author": "jayessell (USA)",
    "date": "Friday 31st December 2010",
    "text": "I had s/n000105.<br/>1977.<br/>I did computer animation in 1980s!<br/>See my YouTube and Flickr vids $ pics.<br/>Same user name: jsl151850b<br/>Also... In my Flickr pics.... The simulated leather Apple $$ bag!<br/>Yes... The Apple $$ was a LUGGABLE pc!"
   },
   {
    "author": "wally (Ohio, US)",
    "date": "Wednesday 8th September 2010",
    "text": "When I was in high school, I had my dad for chemistry. He used to use the Apple II in conjunction with his spectrometer for his Chemistry II classes that he taught."
   },
   {
    "author": "Erik (Australia)",
    "date": "Saturday 24th April 2010",
    "text": "The high school I go to had one of these when I was in 8th grade, until the motherboard went bad, and I was given it for free. Basically, I took it for parts. Also, the Apple II didn''t have a floppy disk drive until 1977, and before that was the 10 or 20 minute loading times off cassette tape. It was a nightmare because the tapes wouldn''t load when the volume and tone controls weren''t set right. It took 10 or 20 times for it to work properly. With the floppy disk, all of that went away, and loading times went down to 20-30 seconds."
   },
   {
    "author": "PoopskinTheLiar (Onett)",
    "date": "Friday 9th January 2009",
    "text": "You seem to be forgetting the Apple-1, Link."
   },
   {
    "author": "Henry (USA)",
    "date": "Thursday 7th December 2006",
    "text": "Hey I have a MySpace Check it out!"
   },
   {
    "author": "Link (Hyrule)",
    "date": "Friday 8th April 2005",
    "text": "The First PC. The 'microcomputers' that came before it had toggle switches and blinking lights instead of keyboards; the PET and TRS-80 that were its contemporaries were neither as expandable, nor as successful."
   }
  ],
  "oc_id": 68,
  "source": {
   "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230605123814/http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=68",
   "date": "2023-06-05"
  }
 }
}

<p> Apple II was the successor to the Apple 1 on which it was largely based. It was the very first commercial success of the Apple Computer Company. <br/><br/> Because Steve Wozniak wanted to demonstrate his Breakout game with the new Apple II, he decided to add colour, sound and minimum paddle support to the Apple 1's heir. <br/><br/> The Apple II came with 4 KB RAM, but it was possible to add 4 KB or 16 KB RAM chips. Thus, the system could have memory in the following sizes: 4K, 8K, 12K,16K, 20K, 24K, 32K, 36K, or a full 48K. This was one of the strong points of the Apple II: from the beginning, it was designed with expansion in mind. The 8 expansion slots were further proof of that - users could expand their system easily, just by plugging cards into the slots. <br/><br/> The ROM included the monitor, a 6502 disassembler, 'Sweet 16' a 16-bit CPU emulator and the Integer Basic written by Wozniak in machine language, assembled by hand on paper! Not having to load a language from tape or disk to start programing was also a significant advantage over competitors. Even the innovative plastic case proved to be an important feature to attract customers. <br/><br/> Just a few months after the Apple II presentation at the First West Coast Computer Fair in April 1977, Apple received about three hundred orders for the Apple II, over a hundred more than the total number of Apple-1's sold. <br/><br/> The Apple II was followed in 1979 by the Apple II+, which brought some enhancements. <br/><br/> </p>