website/content/museum/kaypro-2000.md

title, categories, types, origins, years, cpus, params

title	categories	types	origins	years	cpus	params
Kaypro 2000	Computers	Portable	U.S.A.	1985	Intel 8088	name image company company_name specs tabs photos comments oc_id source 2000 /media/museum/photos/kaypro_2000_closed_1.jpg /companies/kaypro Kaypro label value NAME 2000 label value MANUFACTURER Kaypro label value TYPE Portable label value ORIGIN U.S.A. label value YEAR 1985 label value BUILT IN LANGUAGE None label value KEYBOARD Detachable full stroke 77 keys with 10 function keys label value CPU Intel 8088 label value SPEED 4.77 MHz. label value CO-PROCESSOR Socket for 8087 math coprocessor label value RAM 256 KB up to 768 KB on board label value VRAM 16 KB label value ROM Unknown label value TEXT MODES 40 or 80 chars. x 25 lines label value GRAPHIC MODES 640 x 200 (CGA mode compatible) label value COLORS 16 grey shades label value SOUND Built-in speaker label value SIZE / WEIGHT 33 (W) x 28.7 (D) x 7(H) cm / 5.5 kg. label value I/O PORTS Serial, 2 x RJ-11 jacks for optional modem, 100-pin expansion connector label value BUILT IN MEDIA 1 x 720 KB 3.5'' floppy disc drive label value OS MS-DOS label value POWER SUPPLY Internal battery or AC power label value PERIPHERALS Expansion base unit ($795), floppy disc adapter ($150), modem, external battery pack label value PRICE $1990 photos title subtitle text image CLOSED Thanks to **Mattias Persson** the proud owner of this system /media/museum/photos/kaypro_2000_system_3.jpg title subtitle text image OPENED Notice that room had been provided for a larger screen. but, probably for costs reasons, a smaller one has been kept. Thanks to **Mattias Persson** /media/museum/photos/kaypro_2000_opened_s2.jpg title subtitle text image OPENED #2 Thanks to **Mattias Persson** /media/museum/photos/kaypro_2000_opened_s1.jpg title subtitle text image DETACHABLE KEYBOARD /media/museum/photos/kaypro_2000_system_2.jpg title subtitle text image KEYBOARD & FD DRIVE Thanks to **Mattias Persson** /media/museum/photos/kaypro_2000_keyboard_s1.jpg title subtitle text image FDD CLOSE-UP When user wanted to insert a disk, he released a lever at the top of the drive, and the drive poped up at angle. Once the disk was inserted, he pushed the drive back down. /media/museum/photos/kaypro_2000_fddrive_1.jpg title subtitle text image DOCKING STATION Picture courtesy of **[computermuseumgroningen.nl](http://www.computermuseumgroningen.nl)** /media/museum/photos/kaypro_2000_dockingstation_s1.jpg author date text Richard (US) Thursday 30th December 2010 I worked for Kaypro when the 2000 was introduced. The Data General DG-1 laptop computer was already on the market when the K2000 hit the street, but the DG-1''s larger display had absolutely horrid contrast, almost to the point of being unuseable. The K2000''s modem used the modular jack for a telephone handset instead of the line cord jack. Kaypro made up some phone cords that had a standard line modular clip on one end and a handset clip on the other so that the K2000 could be connected to a phone line. The modems were made by US Robotics. author date text Frederik van Kappen (Europe) Monday 30th May 2011 I am the proud owner of one of the very rare licensed SMT Goupil club versions. According to a french site only 2000 were sold in Europe. As Richard states, the machine had quite some intelligent solutions (e.g. keyboard, Lcd display, etc).\ Furthermore since the machine was delivered with 768 kB of RAM the seemingly superfluous 128 kB was used as a third virtual diskdrive with great speed advantages. When connected to an external monitor the quality of the picture was quite good. Finally a 5,25 " external drive could be bought but, being a student my financial situation didn''t allow me to do so at the time (unfortunately). The docking station was unknown in Europe. The machines were made to last and had a kind of Bang $ Olufsen feel about them. the only drawback were the very heavy batteries which are now, unfortunately, very very hard to find. When the machine was sold, the same batteries were used in medical apparatus of all kind as a back up in case of a power failure. Nowadays I have to search in shops specializing in remote controlled planes, boats etc because it seems some remote controllers use the same batteries. author date text ajobpd (Monaco, Europe) (Monaco) Friday 24th April 2020 I keep a Kaypro 2000 in perfect condition, equipped with an internal 2400 (?) bps modem, AC power supply, user manual, OS diskettes and some application software diskettes $manuals. I used it quite a bit when I was young$ the loud droning noise of the diskette head displacement within its case is absolutely unique and I turn it on about once a year just to hear it again. Its nickname was "The Firebomb", because it had a conductive paint layer on the inside of some plastic parts, probably to reduce EM interference. This paint invisibly touched a part of the modem power supply pins when it got displaced during transport and upon turning it on, smoke would come through the upper left hand grille on top of the keyboard. It happened twice, quite worrying the first time until the reason was discovered, which was not easy. A quite elegant piece of mechanical engineering, whoever was in charge of the project should be praised and remembered for its attention to external design esthetics, years ahead of its "ugly brick" competition. author date text compu_85 (US) Tuesday 7th January 2020 For anyone looking, the power supply for this machine is 7.3 volt DC, 2 amps, pin negative. If someone has details on the backlight mod, I''d be very interested! author date text Ted Saari (United States) Thursday 2nd August 2018 I just acquired a Kaypro 2000. The power connector is tip negative for anyone trying to make a power adapter. I rebuilt the battery pack. The same cells are still available. They are 3 of the 0800-0004, Hawker Cyclon 2 Volt 5.0 AH, X Cell Batteries connected in series with no thermal protector or sensor. author date text Anonymous Coward Saturday 19th May 2012 This archive $http://z80cpu.eu/archive/news/comp.os.cpm/threads/700babe1ff75d502.html$ says the power supply is 7.3 V DC tip positive 2 A. author date text A Russell (Canada) Monday 21st November 2011 I was recently lucky enough to get one of these for $20 on an online classifieds site. I realize its worth more than that on eBay, but I didn''t buy it to sell it, I bought it because of incurable Kaypro fanaticism. It was the very first computer I ever used as a 5 year old kid. And even as Kaypros go, this is the most beautiful machine I''ve ever seen. The only problem is, he(supposedly) didn''t have the power cord. I have universal power adaptors, but my problem is, it is ridiculously hard to get the power specs for this unit on the net. Try for yourself and you''ll see what I mean. I read 7vdc on one site, but I find nothing to verify and I don''t want to fry it. Also it''s not all the info I''d need to set up a universal adaptor. Does anyone know for sure the voltage type,\ level and wattage required? I''m going mad wanting to know if this beautiful thing works. author date text Tandyman Tuesday 2nd December 2008 Hello,\ I am looking to buy one of these machines. If anyone has one that needs a good home, I am availible. author date text AtlasSoft(Pharoah) (USA) Friday 16th December 2005 I have been playing with my 2k. I have PolyWindows (how do you use it? what is it?). I also want to try to mess with the internal modem but my phone cable won't fit in the jacks! What should I do? author date text Robert Bartlett (USA) Sunday 10th July 2005 I had one of these when I was a junior in high school. I was interning at a computer store in 1986, and was able to get one of these. Of course, there was really no such thing as a laptop in those days, so this was the closest thing they came to making a "true" laptop. Mine had 768K of ram, and of course the 720k low density floppy. The display was only visible when you were looking straight at it. It finally died some years later (long after Kaypro vanished into the murky depths of computer history) when the PROPRIETARY floppy drive stopped working... and I couldn't replace it. It was a nice machine though. I ran a BBS off of it with a Hayes Smartmodem 1200. I setup the additional 128k of RAM as a ramdisk, so when the BBS ran, all the files it needed were loaded from ram, instead of the LABORIOUSLY slow FDD! I miss this old battleship! author date text Quick Basic (USA) Saturday 9th October 2004 I have one of these, they are very cool machines!!\ Does anybody know what version of DOS they ran best with? 830 url date https://web.archive.org/web/20230606135450/http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=830 2023-06-06

After having produced several CP/M based computers, Kaypro released this stylish PC compatible portable. It had an innovative dark grey brushed aluminum case with beveled edges covered in ridged black rubber.

When opened, it offered a detachable keyboard, a slimline 3.5" floppy disc drive and a first generation LCD screen with no backlite and limited contrast. The floppy drive front poped up to the right of the case to let the user insert disks.

Two main options could be acquired separatly: a docking station containing two standard card expansion slots and housings for a second floppy drive and a hard disk; and a disk adapter for adding an external 5.25" or 3.5" floppy drive. This adapter also featured a Parallel port and one short card slot. There was also an external battery pack that doubled the four hour autonomy of the main battery.

Like its predecessors, the Kaypro 2000 was sold with a large bundle of software. In addition to MS-DOS operating system, there were the range of Micropro products : WordStar, Mailmerge, CalcStar, InfoStar, and StarBurst, a communications package from Mycroft Labs, and several utilities provided by Kaypro.

The Kaypro 2000 was licencied to the french company SMT which rabadged in 'Goupil Club' and sold it in France (and Europe?) with little success.

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Howard Boyle was the engineering manager for a number of the Kaypro projects...
... and it was a pretty interesting job. The Kaypro 2000 was our first laptop computer. The case, LCD and pop-up disk drive were made my Citizen Watch Company in Japan. They were not cheap! The case was the biggest problem as it was made with sort of an extrusion process and then anodized. Because the finish was anodized aluminum and not painted, any flaws showed up and the part needed to be rejected.
The keyboard and later the keypad and telephone (yes telephone) that attached to the unit were made in Hong Kong. Getting the keys to "feel" right was quite a project as they are plastic and not rubber as you might guess (also the bumper that went around the computer).
On the follow on laptop project the Kaypro 2010, the case was made by a sheet metal shop in California and painted. That was a much better solution for production but the look was somewhat different. LCDs were always a problem as large (for that time) panels tended to have defective pixels so the yields were not great.
Interestingly, we used Gates "D" cell lead acid batteries for the laptops as they had the capacity we needed but charging them and keeping them from becoming too discharged was a constant engineering challenge. Then there was the backlight relay problem..
Well, it was quite an interesting time for the industry and for the company.

James Mitchell reports to us:
I've held a kaypro 2000 for a while. I think it's the prettiest looking computer I ever saw. One of the major problems the 2k faced was that it used lead-acid batteries that made the computer almost unbearably heavy, and which had a terrible propensity to wear out.

Back-lit screen, by Nicholas Howe :
A back-lit screen for the Kaypro 2000 could be installed by an outfit called Axonics, that was located in Utah. I had this done to my 2000, the last entry in a Kaypro suite of the 2, the 10, and the 2000. I still have all of them, but haven't used them for many years.

We need more info about this computer ! If you designed, used, or have more info about this system, please send us pictures or anything you might find useful.