website/content/museum/bull-micral-80-22.md

title, categories, types, origins, years, cpus, params

title	categories	types	origins	years	cpus	params
Bull MICRAL 80/22	Computers	Professional Computer	France	1980	Zilog Z80	name image company company_name specs tabs forum_thread photos adverts docs oc_id source MICRAL 80/22 /media/museum/photos/bull_8020series_system_1.jpg /companies/bull Bull label value NAME MICRAL 80/22 label value MANUFACTURER Bull label value TYPE Professional Computer label value ORIGIN France label value YEAR 1980 label value END OF PRODUCTION 1987 label value BUILT IN LANGUAGE None label value KEYBOARD Full-stroke 73 key with arrow keys label value CPU Zilog Z80 label value SPEED 3 MHz label value RAM 64 KB (up to 256 kb) label value ROM 12 KB label value TEXT MODES 80 chars. x 24 lines label value GRAPHIC MODES Graphics capabilities (unknown resolution) label value COLORS Monochrome (green & black) label value SOUND Beeper into the video terminal label value SIZE / WEIGHT Heavy ! label value I/O PORTS Serial, Parallel, Bull terminal, Lan label value BUILT IN MEDIA 2 x 5.25'' single side 160 KB floppy disk drives (hard sector diskettes) label value OS CP/M, Prologue label value POWER SUPPLY Built-in power supply unit label value PERIPHERALS 3 internal slots for expansion cards label value PRICE 7081 (France, 1981) photos adverts docs 342 title subtitle text image 'G' VERSION This model is labelled 'G' for Graphic features. However, for the moment, we know nothing about the technical differences between various 8020 series systems. Special thanks to **Pierre Vallino** who donates us this computer /media/museum/photos/bull_8020series_system_2.jpg title subtitle text image RIGHT SIDE /media/museum/photos/bull_8020series_rightside_1.jpg title subtitle text image BACK SIDE **(1)** Network connector\ **(2)** Parallel printer DB25 connector\ **(3)** Serial DB25 connector\ **(4)** Bull video terminal DB15 connector /media/museum/photos/bull_8020series_back_1.jpg title subtitle text image INSIDE **(1)** This version used a power supply unit with transformer and voltage regulators. R2E version used a switching power supply\ **(2)** 2 KB Video RAM chips (4 x 2114)\ **(3)** Expansion card slots\ **(4)** 64 KB RAM chips (8 x 4864)\ **(5)** Monitor ROM chip\ **(6)** Z80A microprocessor\ **(7)** Keyboard cable. To note that all the internal cables were 'luxurious' and expensive versions, and two to three times too long...\ **(8)** The programmable keyboard used its own microprocessor The motherboard also included a timer-component that provided for maintenance information on how long the machine had been used. /media/museum/photos/bull_8020series_inside_1.jpg title subtitle text image PROMOTIONAL PICTURE /media/museum/pubs/bull_micral-80-22_prm-pic_1.jpg title subtitle text image IN SCHOOLS #1 /media/museum/pubs/bull_micral-80-22_in-use_1.jpg title subtitle text image IN SCHOOLS #2 /media/museum/pubs/bull_micral-80-22_in-use_2.jpg title subtitle text image IN SCHOOLS #3 /media/museum/pubs/bull_micral-80-22_in-use_3.jpg title url cover text BULL MICRAL 45/APM45 BIOS SETUP /media/museum/docs/bull_micral45_biosdisk.zip /media/museum/docs/couvs/vide.gif [**BULL MICRAL 45/APM45 BIOS SETUP**](/media/museum/docs/bull_micral45_biosdisk.zip)written by Bull  compiled/archived by Stuart McMillan\  type of document : ZIP\  size : 124 KB\  source : [Old-computers](/media/museum/docs/bull_micral45_biosdisk.zip) 338 url date https://web.archive.org/web/20221127083607/http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=338 2022-11-27

In 1973, the french mini-computer company R2E build the first European mini-computer and called it "MICRAL". In 1979, CII-Honeywell-Bull (now Bull), bought this company and presented this Micral 80-22 under their logo.

This was a very expensive french computer conceived for the French education market. The price was set ridiculously high since the company knew that the french government would be able to pay such a price !

The basic operating system of this machine was Prologue, a multitasking, multiuser OS. It was commonly combined with the BAL programming language, a mix of BASIC and COBOL with powerful files management commands, made by R2E. Both Prologue and Bal were much more efficient and powerful than CP/M and later MS-DOS but sadly, they virtually never reached beyond the French borders.

We need more info about this computer ! If you designed, used, or have more info about this system, please send us pictures or anything you might find useful.