website/content/museum/mera-elzab-meritum.md

title, categories, types, origins, years, cpus, params

title	categories	types	origins	years	cpus	params
MERA-ELZAB Meritum	Computers	Home Computer	Poland	1983	U880D CPU	name image company company_name specs tabs photos hardware links comments oc_id source Meritum /media/museum/photos/mera_meritum_system_s1.jpg /companies/mera-elzab MERA-ELZAB label value NAME Meritum label value MANUFACTURER Mera-Elzab label value TYPE Home Computer label value ORIGIN Poland label value YEAR Model 1 : 1983\ Model 2 : 1985 label value BUILT IN LANGUAGE Basic label value KEYBOARD QWERTY full-stroke keyboard, 57 keys, arrow keys\ NMI, CTRL, SHIFT (x 2), ENTER, CLEAR, BREAK. Two keys are blank label value CPU U880D CPU (east-german Z80 clone) label value SPEED 2,5 Mhz label value RAM Model 1 : 16 KB\ Model 2 : 48 KB (up to 64 KB) label value VRAM 1 KB label value ROM 14 KB label value TEXT MODES 32 chars x 16 rows label value GRAPHIC MODES Model 1 : 64 / 32 x 16, 128 x 48\ Model 2 : 64 / 32 x 16 (semigraphic mode), 256 x 192 (4 shades of grey), 512 x 192 (monochrome) label value COLORS Model 1: monochrome\ Model 2: at least 4 colors label value SOUND 1 channel label value SIZE / WEIGHT 37.2 (W) x 23.8 (D) x 7.8 (H) cm label value I/O PORTS Power Supply (DIN5), Paralell interface (DB26), Serial Interface (DIN5), Tape-recorder (DIN5, 500 baud)\ Model 2 has an external disk drive connector (DB26) label value OS Model 2 : MER-DOS, CP/M 2.2 label value POWER SUPPLY +5v/2.5A, -5v/0.1A, +12v/0.2A label value PRICE 160,000 Zloty (Poland, 1984) photos hardware links title subtitle text image MERITUM MODEL 2 /media/museum/photos/mera_meritum_system_s2.jpg title subtitle text image LEFT & RIGHT SIDES /media/museum/photos/mera_meritum_bothsides_s1.jpg title subtitle text image KEYBOARD CLOSE-UP Some keys have both the Latin and Cyrillic letters. /media/museum/photos/mera_meritum_keybcloseup_s1.jpg title subtitle text image REAR CONNECTORS From left to right : • Power Supply DIN-5 socket\ • Parallel DB25 connector\ • Serial DIN-5 socket\ • Floppy drive DB25 connector\ • Tape-recorder DIN-5 socket (500 baud). /media/museum/photos/mera_meritum_rearside_s1.jpg title subtitle text image ELECTRONICS The internal electronics is made of two superimposed cards linked together by three connectors /media/museum/photos/mera_meritum_inside_s1.jpg title subtitle text image BOTTOM CARD The bottom card is the main board. East European and Japanese chips are mixed. All the standard logic circuits come from Eastern Europe.There is no RAM chips on this card, although provision is made for them.\ **(1)** Z80 processor, marked '80 CPU'\ **(2)** Character generator 2K ROM chip\ **(3)** Tape recorder leads\ **(4)** 7 x 2K ROM chips, made in Soviet Union. They hold the Basic interpreter\ **(5)** One of the three connectors providing the link between the two cards\ **(6)** The quartz is glued on the card. Notice also the unused Bus connector\ **(7)** NEC 8255 PIA (Programmable Interface Adapter)\ **(8)** Timer and I/O chips coming from Soviet Union /media/museum/photos/mera_meritum_bottomcard_s1.jpg title subtitle text image BOTTOM CARD CLOSE-UP Processor and I/O chips. /media/museum/photos/mera_meritum_bottomcard_s2.jpg title subtitle text image ROM BANK /media/museum/photos/mera_meritum_rombank_s1.jpg title subtitle text image TOP CARD The top card holds the keyboard circuitry, the floppy drive interface and the RAM chips.\ **(1)** 8 x 4164 chips hold the 64 KB user RAM\ **(2)** A second 8255 PIA provides the floppy drive interface. /media/museum/photos/mera_meritum_topcard_s1.jpg title subtitle text image 5''1/4 DISK-DRIVES Picture courtesy of [Kupa Zlomu](http://212.126.12.126/~mcadam/). /media/museum/hardware/mera-elzab_meritum2_disks.jpg title subtitle text image 5''1/4 DISK-DRIVES Another bad picture... :-) Picture courtesy of [Kawior home pages](http://www.niuniek.republika.pl/kawior/html/speccy.html). /media/museum/hardware/mera-elzab_meritum2_disks_2.jpg title url text Dziennik Mi³oœnika Polskich Komputerów http://www.elwro.zafriko.pl/kat/mikrokomputery/mera_elzab_meritum_i This polish museum has some information (in polish) and some pictures author date text MCbx (Poland) Tuesday 26th July 2016 About these countries, a small correction:\ 1. Floppy disk drives were Hungarian (very high fault rate) and later German. Theoretically they could be Bulgarian, as Bulgaria manufactured FDDs and disks these times. Eastern German 5.25" FDDs were mostly quite nicely working clones of Japanese Teacs.\ 2. Keyboard and case is Polish, as well as some chips made by Unitra CEMI and rarely TOMI. Keyboard is reed switch-based.\ 3. Many Meritum units have K565RU* memory chips, Soviet, not Bulgarian (has Bulgaria made memory chips these times?). 64K units may have Japanese/western chips as it was easier to get through bureaucracy and buy expensive western parts than to buy dense RAM from SU and slash yourself performing quality control again (Soviet export-grade chips had terrible quality control). Generally in silicon, chips in computers from Eastern block are East German (Z80-land VLSI chips), Polish (TTLs, rarely SRAM) or Soviet (all kinds), in some cases western/Japanese. Rarely Romanian (CMOS). author date text Grzegorz (Poland) Thursday 6th September 2012 "A Meritum III was released and shown on Poznan fair 1986, but apparently wasn''t produced." - it''s not true. I have one. Elwro probably produced about 100 computers. I suppose still exist about 5-6 pcs. author date text Marek Saturday 24th September 2011 I have this computer with improved ROMs - experimental serial interface based network management software is added and memory is expanded to 64K. Not always Bulgarian - sometimes there were Soviet. I heard about a few ROMs in this computer:\ First one, asks "MEMORY SIZE", it''s the first one.\ Next one, asks "OBSZAR PAO", it''s the most common one.\ My version asks "MEMORY SIZE" and displays "OETO-POL.SL.NET-BASIC" or something like that - it''s an experimental networking system, maybe one shown in technological exhibition in Bulgaria (?Plovdiv?). Network extensions are started by NET command.\ Another version tries to boot from floppy and if it''s impossible jumps to monitor. I don''t know anything about it except I have a photo of it running (from internet auction). author date text Thomsonicus (Poland) Sunday 27th August 2006 This piece of hi-tek computing wasn't really popular/widely spread in Poland. Even in 1983 it was deemed out-of-date and the main decision to produce it was probably because of the ease of constructing it in the communist Poland at that date :( Remember all commie countries were blocked from western technologies those days. Nevertheless certain laws were bent and we had western Z80 with a changed name etc. author date text szymex_software (Polska) Tuesday 1st February 2005 o kurcze... nie mają polskiej stony kodowej ;) author date text szymex_software (Polska) Tuesday 1st February 2005 Kto by pomyślał - całkiem niezły komputerek, ale chyba zawalili sprawę że się u nas zabradzo nie przyjoł. 497 url date https://web.archive.org/web/20230201125733/http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=497 2023-02-01

This Polish computer was first introduced in fall 1983. As pretty much every sophisticated piece of hardware from the Eastern Block, it was copied from a western computer. The ROM is based on the TRS-80 model II, so the Meritum can be considered as a TRS-80 clone. It was mainly used in schools and is considered as the precursor of the polish computing industry as it was the first computer to be produced in Poland.

In fact the Meritum is not entirely Polish but rather a miracle of the eastern block industry : the keyboard and case is polish, disk-drives made in Hungary (some sources say Germany) and memory from Bulgary. 8'' disk-drives are said to be the Robotron K6500 ones...

The keyboard is quite special : left, right and down keys are situated on the right part of the keyboard whereas the up key is placed at the opposite left side !! Quite practical... Much weirder, two keys are blank !!

The Meritum has 64 graphic symbols. The Basic takes 12k of the 14k ROM. It is a Tandy Basic modified to use polish letters (Model 2). Some keyboards have Cyrillic letters for the Soviet union instead of the Latin alphabet. The system uses a U880D microprocessor which is a East-German clone of the Z80.

There are two models, the Meritum model 2 having more memory (48k RAM) and higher resolutions than the model 1. It can be connected to external disk-drives and have a built-in disk controller. It can use polish alphabetical signs and has a parallel port.

The Model 1 which had no graphical resolution (only semi-graphic symbols), no colors, small memory and very high price, was not very popular and was considered obsolete even before being marketed !

A Meritum III was released and shown on Poznan fair 1986, but apparently wasn't produced.

Among planned but never created accesories were: network interfaces ( this was actually produced for the II model ), and a expansion graphics processor that would in these days be called nothing more than a graphics accelerator :) Unfortunately, Mera was forced to suspend the productions of Meritums in favor to computer terminals etc. The whole assembly staff of the Meritum line was five people, and East Germany could not meet the demands for the 5,25" disk drives that were needed for the Meritum II. Meritum was abandoned, as it couldn't compete with private imports of C64 and Atari computers.

If you find some info or know more about the Meritum computers, please mail us.