yann64andClaude Opus 5.5
3eeabe9649
6,654 pages: 1,289 machines, 702 software, 460 companies, 64 history, 17 articles, 59 fun. 4,336 media files so far; references to files not downloaded yet are left out. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01YDRjtmAiNpo5mK5N3d7QwZ
117 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
117 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Ice-Felix M18 series
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categories:
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- Computers
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types:
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- Professional Computer
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origins:
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- Romania
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years:
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- '1975'
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cpus:
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- East Européan version of the Intel 8080
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params:
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name: M18 series
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image: /media/museum/photos/icefelix_m18_system_s1.jpg
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company: /companies/ice-felix
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company_name: Ice-Felix
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specs:
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- label: NAME
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value: M18 series
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- label: MANUFACTURER
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value: Ice-Felix
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- label: TYPE
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value: Professional Computer
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- label: ORIGIN
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value: Romania
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- label: YEAR
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value: '1975'
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- label: END OF PRODUCTION
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value: '1981'
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- label: BUILT IN LANGUAGE
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value: None
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- label: KEYBOARD
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value: Depending on the video terminal used
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- label: CPU
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value: East Européan version of the Intel 8080
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- label: SPEED
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value: Unknown
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- label: RAM
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value: 64 KB
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- label: ROM
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value: Unknown
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- label: TEXT MODES
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value: Depending on the video terminal used, mostly 80 x 25
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- label: GRAPHIC MODES
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value: None
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- label: COLORS
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value: Monochrome
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- label: SOUND
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value: Unknown
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- label: I/O PORTS
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value: Parallel and Seriel
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- label: BUILT IN MEDIA
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value: Magnetic tapes or punch cards
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- label: OS
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value: M18-ROS and enhanced versions, later CP/M
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- label: PERIPHERALS
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value: Serial printer, paper tape and card reader-puncher, magnetic tape drive,
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- label: PRICE
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value: Unknown
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tabs:
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- photos
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photos:
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- title: MAIN UNIT
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subtitle: ''
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text: The main unit rack holds the system bus ans all the interconnected modules.
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image: /media/museum/photos/icefelix_m18_opened_s1.jpg
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- title: BROCHURE
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subtitle: ''
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text: This picture seems to come from an ICE Felix brochure.
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image: /media/museum/photos/icefelix_m18_brochure_s1.jpg
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comments:
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- author: iulian (bucuresti)
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date: Saturday 20th March 2021
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text: I have one and i will sell it on facebook retro tech.ro
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- author: Cip Cip
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date: Saturday 27th February 2021
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text: I remember having such computers at the work from my grandfather.
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- author: Costel Dumitru (Romania)
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date: Monday 14th July 2008
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text: |-
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There were 2 floppy disks (8") labelled 0 and 1.\
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Not A or B.
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- author: js (nowhere)
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date: Sunday 22nd July 2007
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text: Wow, what a throwback; card readers/punches, teletypes, tape drives- these were all things they were trying to get rid of at the time. The system looks like something from the '60s!
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- author: Manuel Wolfshant (bucharest, romania)
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date: Friday 11th November 2005
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text: M118 and late M18 models were using 8" floppy disks too
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oc_id: 1021
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source:
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url: https://web.archive.org/web/20221127081650/http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=1021
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date: '2022-11-27'
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---
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The Felix M18 business computers family was composed of three members, the **M18**, **M18B** and **M118GS**. They were designed and manufactured in Romania between 1975 and 1981, using the Intel 8080 processor.
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The M18 series had a modular structure composed of master and slave modules, interconnected through a common bus. The MASTER-UCB module contained the 8080 microprocessor, an 8 KB EPROM memory, the 8224 clock circuit, the 8228 local bus command circuit and the 8259 interrupt circuit.
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An example of slave module was the printer / card puncher-reader port, wich didn't access the system's bus.
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The first M18 contained the URS-80.00 main unit and 4 cards (CPU, SYU, PF, EBUS) for EPROM and RAM memory, and the necessary interfaces to connect the following peripherals: console, paper tape reader/puncher, serial printer, punched cards reader, magnetic tape drive and magnetic casette drive.
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The Felix M18B had improved modules. The main UCB unit had the memory resources and the interrupts system on a single card. The 32 KB RAM module also was on a single card.
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The systems could run three base software packs:\
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1 - **M18-ROS**, Resident Operating System,\
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2 - **M18-TOS**, Operating system oriented on punched paper tapes and magnetic tapes,\
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3 - **SFDX18**, an enhanced version of the M18-ROS and M18-TOS wich contained a monitor (MON18 V1.3), the command interpretor, an I/O subsystem, a supervisor (editor, libraries, linker), and various languages: ASM80 macroassembler, PLM80, FORTRAN80, COBOL80, BASIC, PASCAL80.
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The CP/M OS was adapted later, as well as a cross-software pack (M18-CSP) allowing software to be written and simulated on the Felix C-256 family before being transferred to a M18 system through punch cards or magnetic tapes.
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The M18 series was manufactured in large series and also sold beyond Romania.\
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The Central Informatic research Institute of Romania (ICI) also wrote a succesful real-time OS for the M18, as well as an Ethernet-like local network called CAMELEON.
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Thanks to **Stefan Deli** from Romania for information and pictures.
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