yann64andClaude Opus 5.5
c913d792c4
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01YDRjtmAiNpo5mK5N3d7QwZ
178 lines
9.2 KiB
Markdown
178 lines
9.2 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: ELECTROMAGNETICA Jet
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categories:
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- Computers
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types:
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- Home Computer
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origins:
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- Romania
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years:
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- '1990'
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cpus:
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- MME 880D Zilog Z80 Russian clone
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params:
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name: Jet
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image: /media/museum/photos/jet_system_1.jpg
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company: /companies/electromagnetica
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company_name: ELECTROMAGNETICA
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specs:
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- label: NAME
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value: Jet
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- label: MANUFACTURER
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value: Electromagnetica
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- label: TYPE
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value: Home Computer
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- label: ORIGIN
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value: Romania
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- label: YEAR
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value: ? 1990
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- label: BUILT IN LANGUAGE
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value: Sinclair Basic
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- label: KEYBOARD
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value: QWERTY mechanical 40 keys
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- label: CPU
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value: MME 880D Zilog Z80 Russian clone
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- label: SPEED
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value: 3.5 MHz
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- label: RAM
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value: 48 KB + 16 KB masked by the ROM
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- label: ROM
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value: 16 KB (Basic + O.S.) + 4 KB (Unknown)
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- label: TEXT MODES
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value: 32 x 24
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- label: GRAPHIC MODES
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value: 256 x 192
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- label: COLORS
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value: 8 with two tones each (normal and bright)
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- label: SOUND
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value: 1 voice / 10 octaves (Beeper)
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- label: SIZE / WEIGHT
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value: 358 x 238 x 80 mm / 3 Kg max.
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- label: I/O PORTS
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value: RF video out, RGB out, expansion port (not connected), tape-recorder (In, Out, Rem), external loudspeaker
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- label: POWER SUPPLY
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value: 'Built-in power supply, 220 Vca + 10%, - 15%, 50 Hz +/- 1 Hz, Max power: 15 W'
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- label: PRICE
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value: 11.500 lei (Romania, 1990)
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tabs:
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- photos
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photos:
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- title: JET (YELLOW MODEL)
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subtitle: ''
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text: |-
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Need a phone? You got a computer!
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Thanks to Zeno Mateescu for this picture
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image: /media/museum/photos/electromagnetica_jet-yellow_1.jpg
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- title: TOP VIEW
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subtitle: ''
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text: Thanks to Zeno Mateescu for this picture
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image: /media/museum/photos/electromagnetica_jet-yellow_2.jpg
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- title: KEYBOARD CLOSE-UP
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subtitle: ''
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text: The keyboard was of poor quality. Each key was made of a colour printed piece of paper inserted in a key-cap.
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image: /media/museum/photos/jet_keyboard_1.jpg
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- title: 'INSIDE #1'
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subtitle: ''
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text: |-
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Only one of the two system boards is pictured here.
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**(1)** Mains supply fuse\
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**(2)** Power transformer\
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**(3)** Voltage regulation circuit\
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**(4)** TV-RF modulator\
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**(5)** Reset switch\
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**(6)** Joystick connector\
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**(7)** RGB connector\
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**(8)** Basic interpreter and O.S. ROM chips (2 KB each)\
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**(9)** MME 880D processor. Zilog Z80 Russian clone\
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**(10)** Keyboard cable
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image: /media/museum/photos/jet_inside_1.jpg
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- title: 'INSIDE #2'
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subtitle: ''
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text: The second board featuring 8 KB of ROM is connected above the first one. It is difficult to know the use of this board as there is no inscription on top of the main chip.
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image: /media/museum/photos/jet_inside_3.jpg
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- title: MAINBOARD CLOSE-UP
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subtitle: ''
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text: Processor, ROM chips and daughterboard connector.
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image: /media/museum/photos/jet_inside_2.jpg
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- title: REAR
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subtitle: ''
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text: |-
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from left to right:
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\- home-made joystick connector (direct connections to the keyboard cursor keys: 5,6,7,8 and 0)\
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\- RF video output connector to TV\
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\- External monitor connection?\
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\- Tape recorder -> output for program saving\
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\- Tape recorder -> input for program loading
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Thanks to Zeno Mateescu for this picture
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image: /media/museum/photos/electromagnetica_jet-yellow_rear.jpg
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comments:
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- author: Mihnea (Netherlands)
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date: Wednesday 16th September 2020
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text: |-
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I started my epic IT journey with one of these, and it will always hold a special place in my heart. I actually still own it, and it still starts up (haven''t tried any programs though as I don''t have the cassette tapes anymore).
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Contrary to what some of the comments here state, the processor was perfectly fine and useable, despite being a reverse-engineered clone of the Z80. I played countless games on it (including the ones with custom loading procedures), wrote and ran numerous programs in BASIC and assembler, even loaded a simple version of PASCAL.
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It''s possible some of the "JET" clones on the market were actually fakes, as it was common in Romania of that time to take the case of an existing computer and then add or tweak the internals$ that would explain the poor experience some other users have seen. Mine worked perfectly fine for everything I ever threw at it, actually I lately won a HC-90 during a computer programming contest and it was significantly worse in all aspects $ buggy loading from tape (kept R Loading Error''ing), non-working keys, insane noise when loading programs from tape (whoever thought that was a useful thing to have?!).
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The keycaps were by far the best on the market among all Z80 Romanian clones (HC, CIP, etc.) as they had the text printed and covered by a plastic cap$ it means they are still readable and in great shape decades later, as opposed to the others which had missing text soon after purchase and later would turn into "blank" keyboards.
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The main disadvantage of the machine was the lack of native extensions $ while the HC benefitted from the Interface 1 and 2 add-ons, which enabled joysticks, floppy disk drives and even networking support (!), on the JET that all had to be done "the hard way". Mine only had a Sinclair Joystick extension to the side, which required some soldering and case modding, but it worked nicely afterwards.
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Another interesting fact about the JET was that it was capable of reading several different tape "styles" (programmes recorded with different machines were rarely compatible among them due to the speed and amplitude of the tape signals), all it took was slight tweaks to the tape head. The CIP was also pretty good in this regard, but the HC was absolutely terrible, refusing to load any programme not written by its own hardware.
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- author: ANDREI (romania)
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date: Wednesday 15th April 2015
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text: http://www.ebay.com/itm/301586894057?ssPageName$STRK:MESELX:IT$\_trksid$p3984.m1555.l2649
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- author: RHX
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date: Saturday 8th September 2012
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text: |-
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Indeed it was slow, I think due to a 2.5 Mhz CPU instead of the standard 3.5 Mhz for HC-85. I owned one and was driving me mad for not being able to load the "nonstandard" games. How can I define them? When loading BASIC programs, the screen flickers in a specific way - it loaded such programs. More recent games however, used their own loading routine, which flicked the screen "differently". They were probably heavier on the CPU, ''coze they didn''t load on JET.
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Finally I gave up, sold it, added some difference and bought a HC. What a difference!
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- author: Robert Teodorescu (Romania)
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date: Monday 5th September 2011
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text: I own one of these and I can say I$m very nostalgic when thinking of it, but it was rubbish. It$s processing speed was the slowest of them all (HC / TIM-S / CIP) and I know the technical specification of mine said 250 000 hz Cpu speed. At 4Mhz I had a PC286.. I think the specs displayed here are a little optimistic.
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- author: $$350$tefan (Bucharest, Romania)
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date: Friday 16th July 2010
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text: Dind''t knwow that "Electromagnetica" assambled computers too!
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- author: Costel Dumitru (Romania)
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date: Tuesday 15th July 2008
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text: |-
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I remember seeing this JET computer on store shelves back in 1990 as a novelty. At 11.500 lei it was expensive (a similar machine, HC-90, had a price of 10.000 lei that year). It was featured as a "TV games machine", but it was a full-fledged Sinclair Spectrum clone.
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I did not own one (being too expensive), but I used a TIM-S, a HC-85, a HC-90 and a HC-91.
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oc_id: 669
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source:
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url: https://web.archive.org/web/20230608213821/http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=669
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date: '2023-06-08'
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---
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We have few information about this computer.
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The Jet was a Romanian Spectrum clone computer built in a telephone case! You can see the handset housing and the numeric keyboard replaced with black plastic masks.
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The keyboard was made of printed pieces of paper inserted in transparent key-caps.
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This system has been deeply modified by the user(s).
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**Zeno Mateescu**, who owned a JET, reports:
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The whole computer was more a [HC-85](/museum/ice-felix-hc-85/) clone, designed more specificaly for computer games. That's where the name came from: JET-EM Aparat pentru jocuri pe ecran TV - machine for games on TV screen - if I remember well. It is indeed a Sinclair ZX Spectrum compatible computer. It didn't had any joystick connector (kempston or any other joystick) so I had to modify it to use a joystick. Another interesting thing about JET was that you couldn't hear the program that was loading from the tape. On HC85, for example, you could hear that, let's call it noise, when loading the program.
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Output signals:\
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\- pal video signal: PAL: 1 Vvv / 75 ohm;\
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\- radio signal: 1 mVeff / 75 ohm;\
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\- the signal for the cassete recorder: 05 Vvv / 1 Kohm\
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Input signal from the cassete recorder: min 50 mVeff\
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Internal beeper: min. 55 dB SPL
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---
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**Contributors:** Costel Dumitru
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<table> <tr> <td></td> <td>We need more info about this computer ! If you designed, used, or have more info about this system, please send us pictures or anything you might find useful.</td> <td></td> </tr> </table>
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